What are urban wind energy systems?

Nearly 90% of urban wind energy systems are wind turbines. They can be deployed on buildings or ground next to buildings where high wind regimes are locally created, and these turbines mostly range from 1–20 kW (Haase and Löfström, 2015). Fig. 3 illustrates examples of wind turbines for buildings in an urban environment.

How to determine the annual energy production of urban wind projects?

In this area, this work presents a methodology for determining the annual energy production of urban wind projects. The proposal is divided into four stages: location, wind and urban indicators, turbine selection and annual production estimation, and economic/environmental analysis.

How can wind energy be used in urban development?

It is always desirable to incorporate wind energy systems on buildings during urban development and planning at the design stages to acquire maximum efficiency. Tall buildings and the efficient formation of low-rise clusters can also be used to extract the maximum wind potential from the environment.

How can urban wind energy be enhanced?

The impact of building arrangement and height variations has been found to enhance the wind power density by 65% and 364%, respectively (Juan et al., 2022). Hence, urban wind energy can be enhanced through judicious urban planning and design incorporating building features that enhance wind energy potential.

Are wind turbines used in urban areas?

... Whilst the vast majority of wind energy systems (i.e., wind turbines) have been installed in rural and offshore regions, deploying turbines in urban areas has been gaining popularity recently .

What are the different types of urban wind turbines?

Various categories of wind turbines in the design of urban structures have been identified: those that are integrated with buildings, free standing, on the roofs of buildings, and alone near buildings. Figure 2 shows a representation of this categorization. Figure 2. Types of urban wind energy collection systems.